Antonio Spinelli joined International IDEA in September 2003 as Senior Programme Officer for the Electoral Processes Programme. Since 1992, Mr. Spinelli worked in a range of electoral assistance assignments and UN-led peacekeeping missions. Before joining IDEA, he served as a Chief Technical Advisor for UNDP in Yemen, coordinating a large-scale electoral support project for the Supreme Election Commission. From 1998 to 2001, he worked as Senior Election Adviser for the “International Foundation for Election Systems” (IFES) in Yemen, Georgia and South Africa managing technical assistance projects to the national electoral management bodies in these countries. Previously, Mr. Spinelli worked as a Technical Advisor for the UN Electoral Assistance Division in Cambodia, Mozambique and Eastern Slavonia (Croatia). He has also participated in election supervision/observation missions for the European Commission, the “Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe” (OSCE) and the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the Palestinian Territories, Ethiopia, Montenegro, Bosnia Herzegovina and in Italy, where he supervised the organization and conduct of the 1996 out-of-country municipal elections for the Bosnian refugees.